Make Prostitution Legal Essays - Feminism, Human Sexuality

Make Prostitution Legal Prostitution Theory 101 by Yvonne Abraham with Sarah McNaught Barely any things have partitioned women's activists as much as the sex business. Scholars who concede to a tremendous area of issues - monetary correspondence, certifiable activity, even sexual freedom - regularly wind up harshly restricted over sex entertainment and prostitution. Most nineteenth century women's activists restricted prostitution and thought about whores to be casualties of male misuse. Be that as it may, similarly as the suffragette and moderation developments were bound together when the new century rolled over, so too were women's activist and contemporary good issues with prostitution. Ladies, the contention went, were stores of good prudence, and prostitution corrupted their immaculateness: the offer of sex was, similar to liquor, both reason what's more, manifestation of the debauchery into which society had sunk. By the 1960s and '70s, when Betty Friedan and Germaine Greer affirmed that sexual freedom was necessary to ladies' freedom, women's activists were hesitant to restrict prostitution on moral grounds. Customary ethical quality, Greer contended, had assisted with subduing ladies explicitly, had made their needs auxiliary to men's. That sexual subjection aggravated ladies' monetary and political subjection. Today, a few women's activists consider snaring to be a type of sexual subjection; others, as a course to sexual self-assurance. Also, in the middle of are the individuals who see prostitution as a type of work that, similar to it or not, is digging in for the long haul. Radical women's activists, for example, legal counselor Catharine MacKinnon and antipornography scholar Andrea Dworkin restrict sex work in any structure. They contend that it abuses ladies and fortifies their status as sexual objects, fixing huge numbers of the increases ladies have made over the previous century. Others identify in this disposition a strain of neo-Victorianism, a deigning conviction that whores don't have the foggiest idea what they're doing and need someone with more instruction to secure them. A few ladies, these dissidents point out, really pick the calling. Women's activists who question the antiprostitution radicals additionally call attention to that Dworkin and MacKinnon some of the time sound shockingly like their enemies on the strict right. Phyllis Schlafly, a raging family-values crusader, has even refered to Dworkin in her antipornography special materials. This sort of thing has not improved the radicals' picture among women's activists. At the other extraordinary from Dworkin and MacKinnon are sex-radical women's activists like Susie Bright and Pat Califia. They contend that sex work can be something to be thankful for: an intense type of freedom for ladies, a route for some to take control of their lives. The issue there, however, is that the life of a prostitute is frequently more Leaving Las Vegas than Pretty Woman (see Pop Tarts). Numerous women's activists fall some place in the middle of the rad-fem and sex-radical posts. Wendy Chapkis, educator of human science and ladies' investigations at the College of Southern Maine and the creator of the Live Sex Acts: Women Performing Erotic Labor (Routledge, 1997), is one of them. For a long time, Chapkis contemplated prostitution in California and the Netherlands, just as in England and Finland, and directed meetings with 50 sex laborers. Chapkis says she considers the to be for what it's worth: a large number of her meetings affirmed a lot of the offensiveness that extreme women's activists detest, just as the strengthening that sex radicals see. I don't think prostitution is a definitive in ladies' freedom, she says. Be that as it may, I believe it's preferred comprehended as work over as unavoidably a type of sexual savagery. What whores need, she contends, isn't a lot of toadies looking down on them, yet better than average working conditions. Chapkis accepts prostitution ought to be decriminalized. Because it can be lousy work doesn't mean it ought to be gotten rid of, she contends. All things considered, she says, there are loads of employments in which ladies are come up short on, overlooked, and abused. Condemning the calling just worsens whores' issues by segregating them from the law and leaving them helpless against oppressive pimps and johns. In a calling where ladies customarily are not rewarded well, aren't enabled, and ought to have the option to go to the police for insurance and help, she says, we make the police an additional snag, another danger. In the Netherlands, conversely, where prostitution is decriminalized, police furthermore, whores are on a similar side: hookers talk at police foundations to teach the officials about their work, and Chapkis says the correspondence pays off in more secure working conditions for the ladies. In any case, what of the extreme women's activists' case that prostitution is excessively male centric to be endured? Chapkis calls attention to that numerous things in present day life started as male centric establishments - marriage, for instance. Issues inside marriage, she says, can be tended to without falling back on abrogation: nowadays, conjugal property is conveyed all the more reasonably, and manhandled spouses have spots to go for help. Indeed, even Catharine MacKinnon

African-American Civil Rights in the Years 1950 to 1962 Essay Example for Free

African-American Civil Rights in the Years 1950 to 1962 Essay Clarify how far the perspectives in Source B contrast from those in Source An according to President Eisenhower and the integration of training. The two sources delineate Eisenhower’s negative supposition on integration in schools. Both reprimand and depict Eisenhower’s narrow mindedness of dark individuals as Source states Eisenhower’s remark that white individuals ‘ are worried about is that their sweet young ladies are not required to sit in school close by some enormous congested Negroes’ . Eisenhower’s ‘sympathises’; the south as he begins there himself, the bigotry could be viewed as a feature of the South’s culture and conduct to be narrow minded of the dark individuals, it is questionable this affected Eisenhower’s political judgment . The way that Eisenhower originated from military foundation in the wake of going through 44 years of his life in administration, would have affected his choices and assessments on integration as military camps were isolated and Eisenhower would have been use to this framework. He by and by agues from the South’s perspective in Source B, ‘I don’t trust you can change the hearts of men with laws and decisions’ this indeed underpins the point I made previously. Proof of his narrow mindedness was lamenting designating Earl Warren as head of equity ‘the greatest damn simpleton botch I ever made’ he clearly was very against the choice and never needed integration. The similitudes proceed as the two sources shows the hesitance of helping the dark individuals through integration. Source A remarks that he didn’t show a reasonable help for the Supreme Court choice to integrate schools, ‘his quiet energized enormous resistance’. His political and sincere beliefs were slamming into one another creation his activities constrained. Source B shows verification of his hesitance additionally as it expressed three years after the fact he at last ensures the little stone 9 with a government armed force in 1957. This was the first run through Eisenhower demonstrated help of isolation be that as it may; it was a ‘weak act’ from Eisenhower. It could be conceivable that he felt that it was his examination as the president not himself supporting social equality for the dark individuals. Nonetheless, the sources do vary in the way that source B expresses a progressively positive view on Eisenhower even idea it was considered ‘weak’. As effectively expressed Eisenhower While in administration didn't effectively bolster integration and had qualms about the Brown choice, he comprehended his protected duty to maintain the government authority and the law. Eisenhower requested government troops to monitor and Little Rock and ensure dark understudies as they strolled to class. He in this manner turned into the main president since Reconstruction to utilize government troops to secure the privileges of African Americans. As Source A’s tone is adverse as it cites prejudiced perspectives on the African Americans, it suggests that Eisenhower is very against African Americans being a piece of a ‘white society’ this diverge from the little stone 9 as he helps the dark individuals into the school, after his remarks it would been probably not going to support the dark individuals however he does. To close: source An and B are fundamentally the same as the two of them voice the prejudice and his absence of help Eisenhower provided for the African-Americans. I concur with the source as from my own insight he was very against social liberties as a result of his Sothern impact. His perspectives on integration was straightforward from his activities and that’s what source and B represent (12 Marks) (B) Use Source A, B and C and your own insight. How significant was the Supreme Court in the advancement of African-American social equality in the years 1950 to 1962? The Supreme Court is the most elevated government court in the US, comprising of nine judges and taking legal priority over every other court in the country. The Supreme Court would have profited each African-American with their choices of passing and lifting laws on the off chance that they prevailing with regards to winning their cases. It permitted them to have legitimate rights with in the nation and lawfully be equivalent to the white individuals. Notwithstanding, the confidence of the African Americans was low because of the narrow mindedness of the white individuals hence figures, for example, Rosa Parks, Martin Luther King and backing of political figures, for example, Kennedy permitted them to be bold and a feeling of pride in picking up balance. Accordingly, the Supreme Court could be viewed as less significant than different figures and factors that happened somewhere in the range of 1950 and 1962. Source An and B examine the Brown versus Topeka’s Board of Education decision in 1954. The Supreme Court passed the law of integrated schools by the head of Justice Earl Warren. He was condemned for his choice, for example, President Eisenhower, who had imparted his inconvenience to Warren by expressing that is was the ‘biggest damn numb-skull botch he ever made’. The quiet of Eisenhower’s support on integration caused monstrous opposition alongside the circuitous cutoff time for when integration is to initiate. Subsequently, Brown 2 out of 1955 was the endeavor to get a more clear cutoff time than previously. Be that as it may, disappointingly the decision was ‘with all intentional speed’ it was as yet ambiguous and delayed the sit tight for integration. The Supremes’ job in this specific circumstance helped social liberties as it proclaimed greater fairness inside America anyway went to an impediment as it become a clash of when it wil l occur. The choice additionally brought about additional issues for the African-Americans as meager Rock followed the high court’s laws and chose to integrate there all white school. The NAACP submitted nine understudies initially to join the school and step by step get more and settled them gradually. In any case, it wasn’t that just as the 9 understudies went to enter their school they was obnoxiously manhandled and tormented by the white southerners, Eisenhower needed to submit government help to help them into school , this is expressed in source B as it had taken 3 years to show any help from Eisenhower and the south to at long last acknowledge integration . Eisenhower’s government inclusion was then turned into the primary president since Reconstruction to utilize administrative soldiers to secure the privileges of African Americans. In any case, since Brown versus instruction Source C expresses that McLaurin versus Oklahoma decides that colleges also need to adhere to the integration law and that you ‘could not give diverse treatment to an understudy exclusively in light of his/her race’. This demonstrates the Supreme Court was encouraging African American rights through all degrees of instruction making them equivalent and taught. This is another impact the Supreme Court had over grand changes for the African Americans and the general public around them. Notwithstanding, it is doubtful that the Supreme Court just helped the figures and occasions that hugely changed social liberties for the African Americans. Occasions, for example, the Montgomery Bus blacklist in 1956 were a political and social dissent. after the capture of Rosa parks African Americans were prepared to make a move and recapture some uniformity and raise the issue of the fact that it is so off-base to make a ‘tired, old lady’ to move, regardless of whether it wasn’t totally obvious. The blacklist was driven by the gathering the MIA (Montgomery Improvement Association) Saturday third December the dark network bolstered each other as many individuals stayed away from the transports and needed to take rides with others in the network, despite the fact that it was troublesome the supporters of the reason eagerly consented to proceed with the blacklist until there was equity. The accomplishment of the dark individuals boycotting prompted financial pressure were the issue of isolation would be finished. The way that one occasion, urge African Americans to represent their privileges impacted and revealed the most persuasive figures in common right history and picked up equity from their endeavors. This is rehashed the 1960 in the Greensboro sit-in’s when African Americans won't move to from their seats in the Woolworths store. Their numbers expanded in help and was viewed by the world; even Eisenhower voiced his suppositions on the issue. These peaceful fights permitted dark individuals to turn into a piece of changing their future and not depending on legal disputes and people to get them there. Ostensibly despite the fact that they increased extraordinary achievement the dark individuals didn’t have any legitimate hang on integrating the transport framework, hence the Browder versus Gayle case. The Supreme Court maintained the region court’s choice in making bus’s integrated. Without the affirmation from the Supreme Court all the dark people’s endeavors would have come about to nothing without the affirmation of the Supreme Court. Rosa parks is found in our advanced history as a motivational social liberties pioneer. Her story affected a huge number of African Americans to blacklist transports and increase uniformity. Be that as it may, her picture of being a ‘hard working, old, delicate women’ who needed to rest her feet in the wake of a monotonous day isn’t valid by any means. She had been a functioning nonconformist and NAACP part for a considerable length of time and likely arranged this dissent to pick up exposure and change. Because of her dissent Martin Luther King was seen as a social liberties figure, he had been viewed from everywhere throughout the world and from that point on observed as the main social liberties pioneer. His endeavors in the SCLC made in 1957 after the Montgomery transport blacklist, helped the southern African Americans who experienced incredible narrow mindedness . Be that as it may, by and by their endeavors added up to accomplishing the sanctioning of fairness, without the Supreme Court every one of their endeavors went to nothing. To close: despite the fact that Martin Luther King is viewed as the friend in need of the African Americans in picking up fairness

7 Essential Elements to Consider When Writing an International Executive Resume

7 Essential Elements to Consider When Writing an International Executive Resume I had the privilege last Friday of listening to a webinar led by Tim Windhof, an international executive resume/CV writer. Tim explained many of the challenges U.S. and Canadian writers can face when writing these job search documents for an international audience, and how to address those challenges. To write this article, I also leaned on Sandra Ingemansen’s helpful articles posted on CareerDirectors.com on international CV writing. For simplicity’s sake, let’s say for the purposes of this article that “CV” is just a European term for “resume.” Don’t worry for now about the academic or scientific CV you might be familiar with in the United States, which might contain a long list of honors, publications, patents, etc. Where should I start when writing an international executive resume? Let’s start with some good news: The basic purpose of a resume or CV is the same everywhere â€" to sell yourself as a great candidate for the position by highlighting your talents and accomplishments. And the basic elements of an international executive resume are the same no matter where you are. You’ll always have an Experience section, most often in chronological order, and an Education section. Almost all resumes will begin with a Summary section, though as a caveat, I’ve seen many legal professionals who prefer to skip that section. In a multi-cultural world, you could live in one country and want to apply to positions in several others, or in global companies with an American presence. With all these combinations and permutations, you might be called to write a carefully considered “hybrid” resumes, and you might need an expert to advise you on the best approach. Here are 7 main points to consider if you are applying to a position in a country other than the United States and Canada: 1. Do your research! There is not one binding “international” resume standard. You can’t safely make any assumptions about what will be appropriate for any given country. For instance, in some countries, such as Germany, a photo, as well as personal details like marital status, number of children, country of citizenship, and birthday, are standard. These details might be included on a cover page. In other countries, including the UK, these personal details should be left out. In Germany there are some very specific requirements for submitting a job application that often comprise 20+ pages of material. And standards are changing rapidly! So make sure you’re up to date before you submit an application. Formats vary between countries, too, trending simpler, with more white space, in countries outside the U.S. The A4 page format is also generally accepted in most non-U.S. countries. CVs tend to be longer than 2 pages in other countries as well, so you don’t need to focus as hard on shortening your resume to 2 pages. In Europe, dates are usually listed down the left-hand column, a practice that is being moved away from in the United States. I repeat: Do your research! Find out what will be accepted, and respected, in the country where you want a job, and follow that standard. 2. C-A-R (Challenge â€" Action â€" Results) stories work no matter where you are in the world. But be careful how you write them. While bullets with stories of your executive accomplishments are desirable regardless of country, they should include less detail in other parts of the world than they do in the United States and Canada. This is in part due to confidentiality and non-disclosure regulations, and in part due to cultural differences. Be especially careful not to violate any regulations when sharing specific numbers (dollar amounts and other metrics) in a resume! Furthermore, on international resumes, “braggy” verbs like “Propelled,” “Championed,” and “Rocketed” work well in the U.S., but would likely be offensive to a reader in Asia or even some areas in Europe. In some countries, you might need to start bullets with nouns instead of verbs, which is also a way to avoid being “braggy” about your accomplishments. When writing an international executive resume, be sure to emphasize your cross-cultural skills as you share your accomplishments. You absolutely must demonstrate your multi-cultural fluency. 3. Written reference reports might be standard attachments. These reports are regularly provided in some countries and can be up to 2 pages per position. They might be requested to accompany a resume submission. Some of the details of your accomplishments might be covered in these documents, meaning you don’t have to write as much detail in your resume or CV. 4. Language specifics are important! In an international executive resume, it’s essential to be specific â€" and brutally honest â€" about your language skills. Are you fluent or proficient? Native speaker? Business or basic level? Written or spoken? Do you have a score on an internationally accepted language exam that you can share? Or, can you use one of the categories in the Common European Framework of References for Languages? Note: If you claim fluency, you will be asked to interview in that language. So don’t stretch the truth. 5. Education â€" make it universal. Be sure that whatever degree you obtained, you list it in a language equivalent that will be understood in the country you’re applying to work in. You don’t want to undersell or oversell the degree you obtained. Overseas, you will often be served by writing the full span of years in which you attended school, vs. listing only your graduation date. Furthermore, in Europe you will want to include the date of your high school diploma, as recruiters want to see the full timeline of your schooling and whether you took any breaks. 6. Hobbies might be fair game! Don’t be afraid to share hobbies if they are worth noting and good conversation starters. You could find unexpected interest or even commonality with your interviewer! Interests seem especially welcome in international resumes, though they can sometimes be a boon in a U.S. resume as well. I’m pretty sure I once got a job offer because I could recite Dr. Seuss’s “The Sneetches” from memory. 7. Citizenship and Immigration Status In an international executive resume, your country of citizenship and your ability to work in the country where you’re applying are essential to include on your resume. If you are an executive with a Blue Card, be sure to include that status up front and center. The most important lesson we can learn here (which I am repeating again) is the importance of doing your research! If you’re targeting a position outside of your home country, you need to conform to the proper standards in order to be taken seriously. As Sandra Ingemansen so aptly points out, “Taking notice of these subtleties lets employers know that if an applicant is the type of person willing to go above and beyond on a job search campaign, then so will she be on the job as well.” Want to look at sample international executive resumes? Check out Brenda Bernstein’s TORI Award Winning International Executive Resume and other TORI Award winning resumes.

American Culture And The Culture - 873 Words

Although I always entertain the idea of Charles the Great, a king of the Franks that, â€Å"To have another language is to possess a second soul,† deep down I know language is a part of the culture. If I do not understand the culture attached to it, I may never get the real insight of the language I speak. That is why more than three months ago, I registered for a course called â€Å"American Studies† with an objective to gain a deeper perspective of the culture I am living in. Interestingly, during the coursework, I gain more than just a general concept about American culture. To me, American culture is a combination of many contradictions. Although I always try to be as skeptical as possible, there are times I cannot escape from both perspectives and stereotypes when interpreting this culture. My attempt to study American culture both through literature and popular approach such as music, movies, TV shows, magazines is more than just a preparation to adapt, but a personal interest. However, no matter how I have acquired the wide and updated knowledge about American culture, I may not get the â€Å"real sense of America.† For instance, it struck me a couple day ago when I heard that Prince passed away. I read about him, I know how he influences American society, I know why he is considered as an American icon, but I cannot gain the same feeling about his death as American people do. The other time happened when the topic in class was about advertising. Although I watched tons of AmericanShow MoreRelatedCulture : The American Culture1014 Words   |à ‚  5 PagesCulture cannot be defined because it is completely unique to the individual. Culture is something that we choose to create which helps identify ourselves as a person. Throughout the world there are many different cultures. Culture can can be based on things such as language, religion, and tradition or customs that we were raised in. Culture allows for groups of people to come together with similar interests and backgrounds to come share one common ground. Culture is everywhere we look and is in ourRead MoreThe Culture Of American Culture1414 Words   |  6 PagesAmerican culture is portrayed as that of every other countries traditions, rituals, and cultures. As Americans, do we know our culture to be as anything other than that of a melting pot? That being said, is it ok to say for us to say,†I can take your culture because it’s meant to be shared anyway. Most of us have lived here our entire lives and it’s what we have grown accustomed to. Can we spea k on anyone else’s behalf? I can. Even though I am American by birth, my blood is Mexican. I may not faceRead MoreAmerican Culture And Business Culture1719 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction This report consists of the issues on whether it can or cannot be argued that culture shapes the way business is done in a country. The country that is focused in this report is America. It also discusses on the major distinguishing features of American culture and business culture in comparison to current Australian culture. The impact that culture has on business performance is also taken into consideration and how this affects the performance of the staff members and their work.Read MoreA Comparison Of American Culture With The Culture1344 Words   |  6 PagesA Comparison of American Culture with the Culture of the Kung People in Kalahari Desert in South Africa Culture is defined as the way of life that a particular group of people practice because such practices determine vast aspects of their lives. Culture is fostered by social and environmental aspects. Thus, different people in the world respond to their surrounding environment in vast ways and such responses inflict the cultural aspects. The most amazing fact about culture is that everyone in theRead MoreNative American Culture And Culture Essay2065 Words   |  9 Pagescomprehend enough of their own culture identity? Every culture has their own identity. We all have the same human race. However, for me, even though USA is one of the biggest countries in the world, it’s hard to believe USA is a multicultural country, which has many people who came from overseas to the US to represent their own culture in there. There are Native American culture, Mexican culture, Chinese culture, Korean culture etc. and there is no way to count all the cultures which exist in the US becauseRead MoreHispanic Culture And The American Culture1313 Words   |  6 Pagesspeak English well. Hispanics are, persons of Cuban, Mexican, Puerto Rican, South or Central American descent, other Spanish culture or origin regardless of race. Too often the assumption is made that Spanish-speakers are unamerican, lazy, receive low income, or are uneducated in any way. Hispanics are also demonized in the media as people who are stealing American jobs. That is the belief that some Americans associate with Hispanics. There is a saying foreigners use that goes â€Å"If you speak three languagesRead MoreAmerican Culture And Hispanic Culture796 Words   |  4 PagesFor example I would classify the ability to speak Spanish and English as the most important privileges to have in this country and time. Having the access to both of these languages creates the ability to cross cultures whenever I want. Those being the American culture and Hispanic culture. If I want to learn a new language I would have an advantage due to how much these languages overlap with other languages. One can fly across the world, knowing only English or Spanish and one is highly guaranteedRead MoreAmerican Culture1480 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Americanization Culture influences different aspects of an individual’s identity. In its purposefulness, it creates a feeling of belonging and a shared lifestyle among people, while it divides the world into communities of common customs, values, religion, practices, and law.1 American culture can be seen as more diverse and complex; however, people manage to find common ground through music, art, fashion, science, technology, worldviewsRead MoreAmerican Culture747 Words   |  3 Pagesacknowledged to be among the top 3 in the world; so, what kind of American spirit has shaped the United States? The prevailing view in academia is that the unique culture of the United States has laid the ideological foundation for the strength of the country; a country with only 200 years history has now become a super-power, I think that its because the ideology and culture of the United States has a strong impetus to all this. Early American Puritans believe in the religious thought has obvious rationaleRead MoreAsian Cultures And American Cultures Essay2460 Words   |  10 Pagesbackgrounds, and cultures. Cultures are very unique as they are different from country to country. Some adopt cultures that society accepts as the norm, while others adopt different types of cultures; cultures that not many people, especially those outside of the country, can see eye to eye and would sometimes find them rather ‘extreme’. When comparing Asian cultures and American cultures side by side, we can easily identify the many differences between the two. For one, Asian cultures are less open

Prison Was A Serious Punishment For Crime - 1598 Words

Prisons were virtually non-existent before the 1700’s because prison was not considered a serious punishment for crime. Instead, the government imprisoned those who were awaiting trial where they would receive a more appropriate punishment. Many punishments at the time included branding, extreme fines, whipping, and the death penalty or capital punishment. Most offenders when caught, received their punishment in public. This was done to try and discourage criminal activity and falls under the theory of deterrence. It is difficult to pin an exact date on when the general beginning of imprisonment as punishment for crime was started. However, it is known that at the beginning of the eighteenth century imprisonment was unusual except when applied to religious or political offenders. The eighteenth century was the time of transition from corporal punishment to imprisonment and although the most rapid time of change was after 1775, the general movement was in progress throughout the entire period. Early prisons were not what they are today. They were dark, dirty, overcrowded, and unhygienic. There was no separation for prisoners when they were locked up so this meant that men, women and children, plus dangerous criminals, debtors and the clinically insane could all be together. British reformer John Howard toured Europe to observe prison conditions. His book, the State of the Prisons in England and Wales, influenced the passage of a law that led to the construction of the firstShow MoreRelatedCrime Is A Crime And Crime999 Words   |  4 Pagescommits a crime, the immediate response from the public is that they deserve a punishment for their crime. Some of the crimes that offenders act upon range on the spectrum: from a minor crime to a major crime. 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There are varying outcomes that can influence sentencing offenders, they can range from probation and community service to prison and even the death penalty. Minor infractions, misdemeanors, or offenders who plead guilty usually get sentenced almost immediately after ones convictions. In complex criminal cases such as serious felonies, the sentencing judge will usually receiveRead MoreImagine Having A Criminal, Who Has Escaped From Multiple1663 Words   |  7 Pageshaving a criminal, who has escaped from multiple prisons; the system cannot contain him. He has been charged with multiple crimes, including murder. He is very powerful and has lots of money. Wh at should happen to this extremely dangerous criminal when he is caught again? This is where capital punishment would come into play. Some people say the capital punishment should not be banned in any U. S. state and many people say capital punishment should be federally banned. 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Lifespan Development and Personality Free Essays

Oprah Winfrey’s development as an individual has a very unique and interesting perspective in terms of Psychological development. Ms. Winfrey is a product of an â€Å"accidental conception† by her parents. We will write a custom essay sample on Lifespan Development and Personality or any similar topic only for you Order Now Her mother was a house maid and her father was a coil miner. At the age of 6 and 14, she was raped and sexually molested by her uncle and cousin. Her mother was often not around to help her and guide her. Ironically, even though she was having a hard time at home, she still excelled in school and had scholarship to support her education. As a growing child, she was used to poverty and hardships. After the incident of sexual molestations, she was forced to live with her dad. During these times, Oprah was helped by her dad to focus on her studies. At an age of 18 she won the Miss Black Tennessee Beauty pageant and then later on was given a job at a local radio station. Her exposure to media later evolved as she aspired to become a prominent figure in American Television years later. The forces that made big differences in her life are her childhood experiences and family as well as her experiences in her late adolescent years. The mixture of her bad memories and her successful life can be accounted on how she managed the anxieties and problems in which she might have encountered in the process of her maturity as a person. Oprah can be said to have a bad environment growing up. The way of life she lived in the poverty stricken places she grew up on might had opened her eyes on the realities of life even on   a tender age. She was not nurtured well also because her mother was irresponsible. Her father helped her to focus on her studies in her adolescent years but still had missed out a lot of important years in the childhood days. Fortunately, she overcame all adversities with her innate ability to be diligent in her goals. Even though she underwent a depressing phase in her childhood, she was also compensated later on by good education and support from her father. Emotionally, she might have chosen to become depressed and angry at life. In fact, she showed signs of rebellion at age 14 when she got regnant but eventually lost her baby. You can see the transition of her life as she was guided by her father. She became more focus and determined in life. There was less hostility in her environment as she entered the late adolescent and it helped her to become the person she is today. Today Oprah is known to be the good moral type of person. She is a philanthropist and helps the needy people in America as well as other parts of the globe. Her view of morality can be traced back to how she saw the injustices in her society in her childhood. The oppression of black people, the life her parents lived, and the way her classmates made fun of her due to her poverty opened her eyes on what’s right and wrong. Her ability today to empathize and sympathize is really a product of her first hand experience with the good and bad experiences her had. Going back to her moral and emotional development, I want to focus more on the negative experiences she had in her childhood. We can see that Oprah went through a lot in her childhood. In Erik Erikson’s theory of development, she was at around stage three when her sexual molestation experiences happened. This stage is important since this is a stage where a crisis in a person’s development happens (initiative-guilt). The fact that family plays the biggest role in this stage makes her more vulnerable to level on more guilt than initiative. Instead of helping her feel purposeful and learn new skills, her family at that time mistreated her. In her next stage of development (industry and inferiority), she might had leveled on more inferiority than industry. This is where she was having troubles in school and starting to rebel on her family. She might have a sense of â€Å"inertia† or inferiority complex due to the fact that she had not strong support system in her family. When â€Å"inertia† happens, the child usually avoids doing something she was not able or failed to do properly (Boeree, 1997). In Oprah’s situation she might had given up on building good relationship with her family. Fortunately she was able to over come it as time went on and she stayed with her father. As she progress on to the stage five (ego-identity and role confusion crisis), she looked like she was successful in balancing out the crisis due to the fact her father offered social support for her and she was excelling in her studies. This might had giver her good amount of confidence to share herself to others and to be comfortable to be oneself. Her excellence in school and constant exposure to media might led her to develop a good social support system. Together with her father’s guidance, she had a healthy support system that helped her achieve many goals in her life. A good social support system of friends and family is vital in everyone’s growth and security in life. After a turbulent childhood, she was able to find good connection to the world by her achievement. Later on in her life, she was one of the most powerful women in television and Hollywood. She helped people who needed help. She influenced politics. President Bill Clinton even singed an â€Å"Oprah bill† for the creations of a database of child abusers. She opened schools for people who can’t afford to go school. She directed her passion of helping other children and victims of catastrophe. She is said to be one of the most credible and influential Americans in history. Two theories of personality best apply for Ms. Winfrey. Abraham Maslow’s theory of heirrachy of needs can help us understand how Oprah’s traits and actions develop through her career and as a person. In her childhood, she was stuck on surviving on the first level of needs (physiological needs). As she grew older, she was given more and more support by her father, colleagues and friends. She was able to climb up the hierarchy of needs. By the time she was in her 20’s, she had already fulfilled the safety, belonging and esteem part of the hierarchy of needs. Today, she is seen to help others and use her past dispute in life as her tool to help and change other people’s lives. She is on a level in which she is self-actualizing and reaching out to help other since she had already fulfilled her own needs. Being in this self-actualization state, people who reached this usually has the continuous desire to fulfill his potential to become more and more of what you want (Boeree, 1997). In connection to this theory, Viktor Frankl’s theory of transcendence is a good approach in her case. Ms. Winfrey’s painful past could have destroyed her internally and made her a depressed person throughout life but instead she was able to transcend her experience to something useful to the world. She channeled her pain and suffering to counseling others in her show. She gave moral support to women who were abused and children who were in the same situation as her.   In comparing the two theories, Viktor Frankl stated that self-actualization is the side-effect of transcendence. In conclusion, the theory of transcendence of Frankl best accounts her behavior. Oprah’s actions and behaviors towards finding meaning in her life and helping others can be seen more of a spiritual and self less acts rather than Maslow’s theory in which people satisfy their own self-actualization needs thus resulting to helping others. Oprah over came a lot of adversities and trial in life and was able to overcome many â€Å"noogenic anxiety† that might have come in her way. She can be said to have found meaning in what she does today. She transforms her life’s experiences and lessons to something for the betterment of others. References Boeree, C. (1997). Retrieved on 24 April 2008 from http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/perscontents.html Boeree, C. (1997). Retrieved on 24 April 2008 from http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/erikson.html Boeree, C. (1997). Retrieved on 24 April 2008 from http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/frankl.html Boeree, C. (1997). Retrieved on 24 April 2008 from http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/maslow.html Dinh, M. Murphy, J. (2008). Retrived on 24 April 2008 from http://people.com/tag/oprah-winfrey/ Unknown. (2008). REtrived on 24 April 2008 from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oprah_Winfrey How to cite Lifespan Development and Personality, Essay examples

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Oprah Winfrey’s development as an individual has a very unique and interesting perspective in terms of Psychological development. Ms. Winfrey is a product of an â€Å"accidental conception† by her parents. We will write a custom essay sample on Lifespan Development and Personality or any similar topic only for you Order Now Her mother was a house maid and her father was a coil miner. At the age of 6 and 14, she was raped and sexually molested by her uncle and cousin. Her mother was often not around to help her and guide her. Ironically, even though she was having a hard time at home, she still excelled in school and had scholarship to support her education. As a growing child, she was used to poverty and hardships. After the incident of sexual molestations, she was forced to live with her dad. During these times, Oprah was helped by her dad to focus on her studies. At an age of 18 she won the Miss Black Tennessee Beauty pageant and then later on was given a job at a local radio station. Her exposure to media later evolved as she aspired to become a prominent figure in American Television years later. The forces that made big differences in her life are her childhood experiences and family as well as her experiences in her late adolescent years. The mixture of her bad memories and her successful life can be accounted on how she managed the anxieties and problems in which she might have encountered in the process of her maturity as a person. Oprah can be said to have a bad environment growing up. The way of life she lived in the poverty stricken places she grew up on might had opened her eyes on the realities of life even on   a tender age. She was not nurtured well also because her mother was irresponsible. Her father helped her to focus on her studies in her adolescent years but still had missed out a lot of important years in the childhood days. Fortunately, she overcame all adversities with her innate ability to be diligent in her goals. Even though she underwent a depressing phase in her childhood, she was also compensated later on by good education and support from her father. Emotionally, she might have chosen to become depressed and angry at life. In fact, she showed signs of rebellion at age 14 when she got regnant but eventually lost her baby. You can see the transition of her life as she was guided by her father. She became more focus and determined in life. There was less hostility in her environment as she entered the late adolescent and it helped her to become the person she is today. Today Oprah is known to be the good moral type of person. She is a philanthropist and helps the needy people in America as well as other parts of the globe. Her view of morality can be traced back to how she saw the injustices in her society in her childhood. The oppression of black people, the life her parents lived, and the way her classmates made fun of her due to her poverty opened her eyes on what’s right and wrong. Her ability today to empathize and sympathize is really a product of her first hand experience with the good and bad experiences her had. Going back to her moral and emotional development, I want to focus more on the negative experiences she had in her childhood. We can see that Oprah went through a lot in her childhood. In Erik Erikson’s theory of development, she was at around stage three when her sexual molestation experiences happened. This stage is important since this is a stage where a crisis in a person’s development happens (initiative-guilt). The fact that family plays the biggest role in this stage makes her more vulnerable to level on more guilt than initiative. Instead of helping her feel purposeful and learn new skills, her family at that time mistreated her. In her next stage of development (industry and inferiority), she might had leveled on more inferiority than industry. This is where she was having troubles in school and starting to rebel on her family. She might have a sense of â€Å"inertia† or inferiority complex due to the fact that she had not strong support system in her family. When â€Å"inertia† happens, the child usually avoids doing something she was not able or failed to do properly (Boeree, 1997). In Oprah’s situation she might had given up on building good relationship with her family. Fortunately she was able to over come it as time went on and she stayed with her father. As she progress on to the stage five (ego-identity and role confusion crisis), she looked like she was successful in balancing out the crisis due to the fact her father offered social support for her and she was excelling in her studies. This might had giver her good amount of confidence to share herself to others and to be comfortable to be oneself. Her excellence in school and constant exposure to media might led her to develop a good social support system. Together with her father’s guidance, she had a healthy support system that helped her achieve many goals in her life. A good social support system of friends and family is vital in everyone’s growth and security in life. After a turbulent childhood, she was able to find good connection to the world by her achievement. Later on in her life, she was one of the most powerful women in television and Hollywood. She helped people who needed help. She influenced politics. President Bill Clinton even singed an â€Å"Oprah bill† for the creations of a database of child abusers. She opened schools for people who can’t afford to go school. She directed her passion of helping other children and victims of catastrophe. She is said to be one of the most credible and influential Americans in history. Two theories of personality best apply for Ms. Winfrey. Abraham Maslow’s theory of heirrachy of needs can help us understand how Oprah’s traits and actions develop through her career and as a person. In her childhood, she was stuck on surviving on the first level of needs (physiological needs). As she grew older, she was given more and more support by her father, colleagues and friends. She was able to climb up the hierarchy of needs. By the time she was in her 20’s, she had already fulfilled the safety, belonging and esteem part of the hierarchy of needs. Today, she is seen to help others and use her past dispute in life as her tool to help and change other people’s lives. She is on a level in which she is self-actualizing and reaching out to help other since she had already fulfilled her own needs. Being in this self-actualization state, people who reached this usually has the continuous desire to fulfill his potential to become more and more of what you want (Boeree, 1997). In connection to this theory, Viktor Frankl’s theory of transcendence is a good approach in her case. Ms. Winfrey’s painful past could have destroyed her internally and made her a depressed person throughout life but instead she was able to transcend her experience to something useful to the world. She channeled her pain and suffering to counseling others in her show. She gave moral support to women who were abused and children who were in the same situation as her.   In comparing the two theories, Viktor Frankl stated that self-actualization is the side-effect of transcendence. In conclusion, the theory of transcendence of Frankl best accounts her behavior. Oprah’s actions and behaviors towards finding meaning in her life and helping others can be seen more of a spiritual and self less acts rather than Maslow’s theory in which people satisfy their own self-actualization needs thus resulting to helping others. Oprah over came a lot of adversities and trial in life and was able to overcome many â€Å"noogenic anxiety† that might have come in her way. She can be said to have found meaning in what she does today. She transforms her life’s experiences and lessons to something for the betterment of others. References Boeree, C. (1997). Retrieved on 24 April 2008 from http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/perscontents.html Boeree, C. (1997). Retrieved on 24 April 2008 from http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/erikson.html Boeree, C. (1997). Retrieved on 24 April 2008 from http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/frankl.html Boeree, C. (1997). Retrieved on 24 April 2008 from http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/maslow.html Dinh, M. Murphy, J. (2008). Retrived on 24 April 2008 from http://people.com/tag/oprah-winfrey/ Unknown. (2008). REtrived on 24 April 2008 from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oprah_Winfrey How to cite Lifespan Development and Personality, Essay examples